Arrangement to avoid condensation within cold insulations



March 28, 1939. H. NIEMANN 2,151,713

ARRANGEMENT TO AVOID CONDFNSATTON WT' HIN CULT TNSULATIONS Filed March 27, 1934 @myl.

h INVENTOR ATTORNEYS as, race A151 ARRANGEMENT To AVOID ooNDnNsA'noN wrrrnN com msum'rions Hans Niemann, Hanover, Germany Application March 27,1934, Serial No. 717,587 In Germany April 3, 1933 6 Claims. (Cl. 62-89) Where an insulation is used against'temperathe admitted air is warmed and thus cannot tures which lie below the prevailing 'temperagive up moisture, but can only absorb moisture. ture of the outside air, moisture condenses or is So a possibly damp insulation is dried by the given up by the air located within the insulation. air movement caused by the arrangement of the This formation of condensate takes place in the invention. Out of the warm side the air passes zone between the dew-point lying, within the directly into'the atmosphere, or by a special coninsulation and the cold limiting surface of the d'uit is again carried into the refrigerated space. insulation and moistens the insulation. The in order to pass through the insulation in con-= moistening or moisture materially diminishes the tinuous sequence, after' having first been cooled effectiveness of the insulation. Also in this way down. 10 organic insulations, in the course of time, are del The air circulating for keeping the insulation stroyed by rotting. With air-layer insulations dry must, therefore, pass through an open or the radiation coefficient of the surfaces bordering closed circuit. This circuit is essential for the the individual air-layers is increased by the deinvention. The movement of the air is the result posit of condensate, and thus the effectiveness of of both the natural rise which the air receives by the insulation directly reduced. After a conwarming up within the insulation, and of the siderabletime corrosion may take place with airdescent in the refrigerated space due to cooling layer insulations. off. The harnessing of these forces for the air iill'hen using organic insulation and in order movement is made possible by arranging the cor- W to prevent the destruction of the insulation by responding air openings in the walls of the inthe formation of condensate, the organic insulasulation' at different heights. The incoming tion, for instance, is impregnated with pitch or openings are arranged lower than the outgoing other bituminous materials. Within air-layer ones. The positive and negative rising forces insulatlons one has provided the metallic dividof the air suffice for an air movement which preing walls withv protective coatings of oxide or vents moisture deposit in the insulation, which, lacquer which permit radiant heat to pass. By on the other hand, is not sufficient to apprethis method the destruction of the insulation, in 'ciahly reduce the insulating emciency by heat the long run, is not avoided; on the other hand, transmission attributable to convection. The the conserving steps result in a. diminishing of arrangement of this invention has special value to the insulating emciency. for air space insulations in refrigerators or re- To minimize the formation of condensate, for frigeratins b x s, since the low resistance which instance, it is known to arrange an airtight seal the air space insulatlons fi the B il.

of the insulation. ray airtight enclosure of thepermits a pa t y Simple arrangement An insulation, it is true, the elimination of conx p e 0 Spam? 11151115151011 is Shown in ill densate from the air circulating through the in- Dyckerhofl? Patent No. 1,934,174 where thejnsulasulation is prevented; not, however, the elimination consists essent a ly o layers of et i011 tion of moisture from the air contained within spaced by their shape in such a way that air can the airtight enclosure that is within the insulamove quite freely through the insulation. tion. Besides, the airtight sealing of insulations In the accompanying drawing, Fig. 1 is a secto is practically very difiicult and totally impossible tional view of a refrigerator with the cooling unit 40 "for larger objects or installations. indicated diagrammatically. Fig. 2 is a similar The invention avoids the disadvantages of the sec on o a ref e o above described arrangement in the following Figure 1 shows an application of the invention manner: for refrigerators or refrigerating boxes. In the The insulated bar: or room is" provided with drawing, a is the inner cold side of the insulameans for the circulation of cold air through tion, b the outer warm side, and c is the insulathe insulation, so that the air on the cold side tion. The atmospheric air enters through duct it enters the insulation and passes through it in and is carried over the cooling apparatus a into the direction towards the warm side, or, in other the insulation 0 through pipe I. Through the words, opposite to the direction of the heat flow. opening 9 theair warmed within the insulation 0 5 Meters entering the insulation, the air, directly passes again into the atmosphere. e or indirectly, is cooled and dried by the surfaces Figure 2 shows an application of the invention within the refrigerating room or space. The infor refrigerating rooms or the like. The insulasulation itself is always warmer than the refrigtion 0 is divided into compartments by small w, crating space. Within the insulation, therefore, strips h of a more impervious material. The air flowing in the pipe line i is cooled down by the cooling apparatus c. The moisture possibly dc positing is collected in a moisture collector is. The pipe lines 1' carry the cooled dry air to the insulation compartments from which the warmed air is returned to pipe line ithrough vent or pipes m. A closed circuit for the air is provided.

What I claim is: V

1. A method of the character described for treating insulation masses around refrigerated constructions, which comprises, conducting cold air from a refrigerated space into the insulation mass, causing the air to rise and circulate through the insulation mass by the natural draft or rising force of the air being warmed within the insulation mass, and then conducting the warmed air away from the interior of the insulation mass. 2. A refrigerator or the like provided with an insulated wall having insulation of the air space type, a pipe extending through said insulated wall and into the interior of the refrigerator and communicating with the interior of said insulated well below the top of the refrigerator, said pipe being arranged adjacent the cooling apparatus in the refrigerator, another pipe outside the refrigerator and leading from the interior of said insulated wall at a higher level than said first pipe connection with said wall and communicating with said first mentioned pipe to form a closed circuit for the circulation of air through said insulated wall.

3. A refrigerator or the like provided with an insulated wall comprising insulating material having spaces which permit the movement of air, a pipe positioned within the interior of the refrigerator and communicating with the interior of said insulating material below the top of the refrigerator, another pipe extending from the exterior to the interior of the refrigerator adjacent J the top thereof, and a tube leading from the top of the insulating material to the exterior of the a refrigerator, whereby cool air is passed from the interior of the refrigerator through the insulating material of the insulated wall and becomes heated and then rises and leaves the insulated wall through said tube at the top of the refrigerator.

4. A refrigerator or the like provided with an insulated wall comprising insulating material having spaces which permit the movement of air, means located within the refrigerator for cooling and removing the moisture from the air that flows through said insulating material, a pipe positioned within the interior of the refrigerator to receive air cooled by said cooling means and to conduct the air to the said insulating material, a vent extending through the top of the insulated wall of the refrigerator and an inlet extending from the exterior to the interior of said refrigerator and adapted to conduct air from said vent through said cooling means to said pipe to form a closed system for the circulation of cooled and dehumidifled air through the insulating material in the wall of the refrigerator.

5. A refrigerator or the like provided with an insulated wall comprising insulating material having spaces which permit the movement of air, means located within the refrigerator for cooling and removing the moisture from the air that flows through said insulating material, a plurality of pipes arranged within the interior of the refrigerator to receive air cooled by said cooling means and to conduct the air to said insulating material below the top of the refrigerator, a plurality of vents located in the top insulated wall of the refrigerator and adapted to conduct air out of said insulating material, an inlet extending from the exterior to the interior of said refrigerator and adapted to conduct air through said cooling means to said pipes, and a plurality of pipes exterior to said insulating material and connected to said inlet and to said vents for conducting back into said inlet the air that has passed through said insulating material and through said vents, whereby a plurality of paths are provided for circulation of the air through the insulating material.

6. A refrigerator or the like as defined in claim 5 and characterized further by the provision of substantially impervious partitions located in the insulating material and dividing the same into upper and lower sections, and in which said plurality of exterior pipes conduct the air from the insulating material of said upper and lower sections back to said inlet.

HANS NIEMANN. 

